diabetes, hypertension, autoimmune diseases such as lupus, myasthenia gravis or graves disease) can negatively affect the developing fetus.
maternal infections such as cytomegalovirus, chicken pox or rubella).
#Congenital anomaly skin#
certain neurological conditions affecting the brain, skin disorders and types of skeletal or craniofacial disorders).Ĭonditions During Pregnancy That Affect The Baby X-linked dominant conditions occur in both males and females however, they are more severe in males (e.g.
Females may carry the abnormal gene that causes X-linked recessive disorders, but they may not show the actual disease. hemophilia, color blindness, forms of muscular dystrophy). X-linked conditions are genetic abnormalities that mainly occur in males (e.g.In these cases, both parents are normal, but 1 in 4 of their children would be expected to be affected. Cystic fibrosis, Tay-Sachs disease, sickle cell anemia). Autosomal recessive inheritance is a genetic abnormality that can be passed on to the child only if both parents carry the same defective gene (e.g.Autosomal dominant inheritance is a genetic abnormality that can be passed on to the child if one of the parents has the same abnormality.Sometimes the chromosomes are normal in number, but one or more of the genes on them are abnormal. When a child is born without 46 chromosomes, or when pieces of the chromosomes are missing or duplicated, she may look and behave differently from others her age and may develop serious health problems (e.g.The genes carried on the chromosomes determine how the baby will grow, what she will look like, and to a certain extent, how she will function. Twenty-three come from the father twenty-three come from the mother. 5 Categories of Congenital Abnormalities Chromosome AbnormalitiesĬhromosomes are structures that carry genetic material inherited from one generation to the next. amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling, etc.) have made it possible to detect chromosomal and genetic related causes of congenital abnormalities earlier. It is important for moms and dads to be healthy and have good medical care before and during pregnancy to reduce the risk of preventable congenital anomalies.Īdvances in perinatal testing and new diagnostic tests (i.e. About 3% to 4% of all babies born in the United States have congenital abnormalities that will affect the way they look, develop, or function-in some cases for the rest of their lives.Ĭongenital abnormalities are caused by problems during the fetus's development before birth.
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